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H&I Fires* 16 JAN 2007

Open post for those with something to share, updated through the day. New, complete posts come in below this one. Note: If trackbacking, please acknowledge this post in your post. That's only polite. [Hey - trackbacks work again!]

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Blackfive will be on the Laura Ingraham radio show this morning at 1115 EST. Station guide here. - FbL

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Well, I wish Pakistan would step up actions like this. It may not be aQ bigwigs going to meet their maker, but it is something.

Mark Grimsley, a.k.a. WarHistorian, has an interesting post about the ‘Warrior Code’, whether it exists, and what violating it can possibly lead to.

The Flea, he of the Stompy-Stomp-Stomp boots, has an interesting set of quotes for your perusal.

Any ideas as to why Moqtada al-Sadr would tell his toughs to play nice during the coming Baghdad troop plus up?

Chris Hill is bluntly frank about negotiating with DPRK, so reports the ArmsControlWonk(ers—it’s now a group blog).
--ry

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Carnival of the Recipes is up for those who like that puppy.

CAPT H sends us to the Hamilton Spectator, where we Troy Hurtubise, a home workshop inventor, turning his skills to getting his Heinleinian Mobile Infantry Armor into the field before the US developers get theirs built. --the Armorer

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Yet another glass ceiling is shattered. The British Army names its first female Yeoman Warder. Way to go Sgt. Cameron. - BOQ

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Hmmmm. An appreciative post about me on a progressive blog. That still manages to swat me a bit. Feel free to join the conversation - but I told them everybody here behaved well - so carry the Rulez with you. -the Armorer

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*A term of art from the artillery. Harassment and Interdiction Fires.

Back in the day, when you could just kill people and break things without a note from a lawyer, they were pre-planned, but to the enemy, random, fires at known gathering points, road junctions, Main Supply Routes, assembly areas, etc - to keep the bad guy nervous that the world around him might start exploding at any minute.

Not really relevant to today's operating environment, right? But, it *is*

The UAVs we fly over Afghanistan and Pakistan looking for targets of opportunity are a form of H&I fires, if you really want to parse it finely. We just have better sensors and fire control now.

I call the post that because it's random things posted by me and people I've given posting privileges to. It's also an open trackback, so if (Don Surber uses it this way a lot) someone has a post they're proud of, but it really isn't either Castle kind of stuff, or topical to a particular post, I've basically given blanket permission to use that post for that purpose. Another term of art that might be appropriate is "Free Fire Zone".

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Should you try to express a dissenting opinion on the Huffington Post, you'll quickly find out how very deeply some of their contributors value freedom of speech in practice. Oddly, I'm still waiting for my 6 am comment to show... Read More

35 Comments

it's Oscar! now i gotta start saving up my Skyway Soap wrappers and sending in jingles for the big contest so i can win one!!!
 
Ooo! +10 for an obscure Heinlein reference!
 
"Yeoman Warder of Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress the Tower of London, and Members of the Sovereign's Body Guard of the Yeoman Guard Extraordinary." Now is that just not one of the coolest things you can imagine having stuck up on your "I love me" wall?!?!? I am impressed, the requirements just to be eligible are beyond imagining, and as I understand it, include a perfectly blemish-free military record. Shoot, I'd of lost out on that in year one. And she joined when she was 16! Amazing!
 
BOQ Minor correction , but it should be WO2 Cameron, she's the equivalent of an E-8. Cheers
 
And the winnah is: "As clean as the sky itself!" - from "Have Space Suit, Will Travel"
 
Ooh, ooh, Mobile Infantry! But where are the over-the-shoulder launched nuclear tipped missiles?
 
Hello All, We've had the great pleasure of engaging John over on OneUtah. I see he's invited you all as well. Among our contributing authors, we have some vets but also some very anti-war activists like myself. I think we all agree regardless, it would be unfair to leave the Iraqi to fix what we broke. How do you feel about the idea of pulling out US troops, and forcing the war-profiteers to use their easy-made profits to buy back IEDs and weapons from the insurgents, then hire the re-deployed troops back as mercenaries and pay them contractor salaries to protect the most vulnerable ethnic groups and rebuilding projects? Just kidding, it would never happen. Its the American way, we can't force our private gov't contractors to sacrifice profit, but its hardly fair that our troops and families have to pay the price for Bush's terrible mistake. I mean, who else is paying the price here? Certainly not me. Why should I give a s***? I got no kids, no family serving, no chance of me or anyone I know being drafted (but I sure am making a ton on some contractor stocks). What the hell do I care? I guess I could support the surge. It might work, right? Right? I'm conflicted. Am I supporting the troops by supporting the surge or redeployment? Someone help me here. ps: Is Denizens John? [***added to avoid the net nannies]
 
"but I told them everybody here behaved well" What would possess you to make such a statement?
 
Before you go asking the Pakistanis to do more you should check this out PBS Frontline - Return of The Taliban I would guess the article was planted to appease the Bush admin. Notice how they play it down? No high values, no clear report?
 
Cliff: i felt it would be unseemly for me to post this over there and spoil the party, but... it could work, and i think it's the right thing to do. and i'm not brainwashed, and not yet retired either (but eligible and could drop my papers whenever i felt like it)... and i could well be mobilized to make the surge happen. but if it doesn't happen this time, my son (now 17) would be on the hook for cleaning it up. and i won't be willingly leaving my generation's work for him and his.
 
Why should I give a s***? I got no kids, no family serving, no chance of me or anyone I know being drafted (but I sure am making a ton on some contractor stocks). Maybe basic human dignity would impel you "give a s***." See also BCR's post.
 
To answer your Denizens question: "Denizens" is a login under which a large number of regulars to this website (at least a dozen or so) can put a post on this blog. Usually, it's just the H&I Fires post, but sometimes "regular" posts are also put up (see Jan 14 for an example). Not all the Denizens have their own blogs, but those that do are listed in the sidebar under the blogroll "Blogs of the Denizens of Castle Argghhh!"
 
Actually, Maggie, I *did* specifically mention you and Werekitty as being, um, randy at times. But only in a PG17 way...
 
Hmmmm. A question, Cliff - is profit bad? If it isn't, how much *is* bad? Mind you, not arguing there aren't some bad companies and bad individuals out there in the contracting business. But, full disclosure - I'm one of those contractors, I've got a bid coming up, and I was wondering what sort of profit you were going to allow on my work? Granted, it's going to be here in the US, but it is, don't doubt it, war work. I've got a son and two nephews of draftable age. No of whom has any intention of joining up for anything. Of course, they had no intention of joining up for anything before there was a war, either. But I do have friends over in the box, and my personal losses for the war thus far, including 9/11 at the Pentagon, is 18. As a retiree with WMD response experience I have tried to get recalled, but apparently the need for disabled Cold Warriors is... low. Forcing the war-profiteers to use their profits to buy-back... etc. One wonders, why not force Iran to do so, as they seem to be a major supplier? BTW - and you can respond in email rather than here - what do you do for a living? And I post as "John" Cliff. If Dusty posts, it's "Dusty" when Bill posts it's "CW4BillT". Like Fuzzy said, "Denizens" can be one of several people. They're supposed to sign their work... but sometimes they get carried away and don't. Oh, and when I'm posting in the H&I Fires post, I post I sign my bits as "The Armorer". If you click the "Imperial Arsenal of Doom" link on the left sidebar, you'll see why that is one of my avatars.
 
re: Profit. Profit is good. No bid contracts are bad. Conflict of interest is very bad (Haliburton/Cheney). How do you feel about Bush trying to fire the inspector general in Iraq? re: Do for a living I left the for profit world in 2002 (with a nice payout) to dedicate my life to non-profit work. I sit on 4 non-profit boards including rolusa.org and theasen.com (we do a lot of work in KS) which I co-founded, hrecutah.org, Afterschool Utah and powerinyou.org. They all help children. I donate a ton of money to liberal/progressive causes including HRC. Last year I served as SLC mayor Rocky Anderson's interim communications director as a volunteer. I've run several political campaigns, (google me) and I donate tons of time designing, maintaining, and hosting websites for 8 non-profits. I recently accepted a job with dufoundation.org / manyone.net which is the coolest thing on the planet. it will be the PBS of the web. The new browser technology will be free, clickless and adapted for the handicapped. You mentioned James Lee Witt. Coincidentally, he is one of our top advisors.
 
Privatization of the military (support services) is really bad.
 
Sigh. The condescension continues. I'm Denizen ry(short for Ryan) aka gollum(at times). If you really want to 'whip it out' and start comparing notes on terrorist organizations and the like I'm down with it. I've got a pretty large database. I can also call on friends who work at DIA, NSA, and one analyst who lives in ALaska who started teaching me this game(one L. Sidney Trevethan who has written for FAS from time to time and things like A Brief History of MAD and Prognosis for CHina)---but John is smart enough to tell me absolutely nothing. Do you really want to go into the nuts and bolts of the problems of Pakistan qua Pakistan or just in relation to terrorism, shaky support of Pervez(he and I are on a first name basis/joke), and the problems of the populace of Pakistan irt GWOT? I can do that too. I prefer to talk about China and the Far East, seeing as that what I was originally taught by Sid, but can do more. Don't just assume, because that's what you're doing(don't assume because it makes an @55 out of u and me), that I don't know much. You'd be surprised what quite a few of us actually do know. Like, that North Waziristan peace deal may(is often assumed to be with no real, in open source materials anyways, proof to back up the assertion) allowing safe haven for the remnant,and now resurgent, aQ. Or, maybe the peace deal bought off the local warlords in NW and now aQ only has SW as a safe haven. You seen anything open source that definitively says one way or another? And a tv newsmagazine is not typically considerd a good source(unless their provided primary sources are stellar), as I've been told quite loudly over the phone more than once. You might want to check your parallax filter, homes. For later in the day numbers did come out(30---on NPR even). Or this could simply be an event untied to American domestic politics, maybe? Naw. All politics is local. Even in remote Southern Waziristan. Also, keep in mind. I'm naturally verbose. Extrememly. John's been trying real hard to break me of that habit. If I had my druthers there'd have been ten paragraphs, at least, of background with that blurb(with all of them actually). But that isn't what the H&I is for, and that's one of my sucesses(I kept it short and sweet and left the article to largely say everything for itself). Welcome to the Club. Don't be surprised after a while if the only seat at the Castle Bar is next to me(OD, journalist OWen Dwyer, is also one such personage, also of rather a blue hue for these parts). It happens. (dang, and now I'm late on doing my H&I building. No stale cheetos from John for me today).
 
Ry - you *are* getting better. Cliff - military support services get contracted out because mostly of end-strength issues, and trying to push "tail" into contracted positions, so that "teeth" can be maintained. If it were up to us soldiers, we really would have kept most of that stuff in house. But the choice we were offered, especially when the Army went from 750K to 480K was to give up cooks and bakers and candlestick makers and convert those slots to infantry, military police, etc. A Cold War "Big War" military structure isn't affordable under the volunteer army cost paradigm. A draftee Army is nowhere near as capable a force as a longer service professional army with competetive pay. Balancing balancing balancing. And we usually get the whole mix wrong for whatever particular mess we find ourselves in - and that is regardless of who sits in the White House or wields the gavels in the Capitol. Hence, contracting, which is aimed at cost containment. Now - I agree that the going-in contracting and after was badly handled. And a Democrat gov't wouldn't have handled that any better - and in fact the Clinton administration set the stage for it... not intentionally of course, but indirectly. Who was the major baseops supplier-of-services for Bosnia and Kosovo? KBR... i.e., Halliburton. Which, by the quals they would have submitted, probably would have put them in the catbird seat anyway (Cheney or no Cheney). But I simply don't buy the argument that Cheney essentially directed the money go to his buddies. The building really doesn't work that way, there are a lot more checks and balances in that arena than most people realize. That said - there is no doubt that contract administration was *awful* and that contractor elements in Iraq, including Halliburton, were doing Bad Things. But your issue there isn't really, truly with the concept - it's with the execution. And that falls squarely on the services and the government. The malfeasance on the part of contractors is properly handled through tort and criminal proceedings and contract enforcement. Do I really need the guy handing out towels at the post gym to be a soldier? Nope. The guy ladling out chow in the mess hall - does he have to be a soldier? Nope. I admit, when we lost our unit cooks I as a commander lost an excellent morale tool, but did it really affect my unit's ability to fight? Nope. Do 'third shop' maintenance people need to be soldiers? Not really. They're mechanics who better spend their time fixing stuff than having to go through all the nit-noid training soldiers are tagged with. But they would all be soldiers if we could afford it. But the day of the 16 million man military ended in 1945.
 
I like the body armor. It looks kewl. Now if it could be digitized color like the CDUs, it would be all right. One other question; how does it compare in weight to what they are wearing now, and is it more efficient? I like the nod to 'Dune' in the water supply but he has yet to learn to recycle sweat. I am still waiting for my comments to pop up over at OneUtah.
 
Cricket - I saw your comments over there. At least I saw some comments by you - I don't know how many you made. They don't moderate comments so I don't know what the delay might be/have been.
 
John - I really must commend you on the thoughtful and polite way you are conducting your discourse with Cliff, while at the same time saying the things that need to be said, e.g. KBR being in Kosovo long before Cheney was VP. I must admit that my tolerance for the left actually went down during my time in Iraq so I know I would not have been so self-controlled.
 
John - You've given an excellent answer to Cliff's criticism of Halliburton. But my question to those who paint a big Halliburton/Cheney conspiracy is.....what other company could have handled this job? My understanding is that there really aren't any.
 
Maggie - I deliberately didn't go into that, mainly because my memory is fuzzy on the subject. But, IIRC, there are two - French, and Russian, neither of which were wanting to play in that sandbox.
 
John: correct. ..and the same companies had also bid on a LOGCAP contract for my own peculiar logistics needs a couple years before, and Halliburton (KBR) was the only bid that met all the particulars.
 
John, Reviewing your thoughts on contracting, it sounds like you appropriately critical. But you just can't leave it alone without the tribal hat tip:
Now - I agree that the going-in contracting and after was badly handled. And a Democrat gov't wouldn't have handled that any better
Well John, thats just so completely disingenuous it doesn't really justify a response. But I'll you and your readers the benefit of the doubt that you haven't been paying attention or that you think Clinton would have fired professional career procurement officers and replaced them with political appointments. For starters, google Halliburton+Greenhouse+FBI (I would have provided a link but your system refused google 'dot' com) Just a small snippet:
On the eve of the 2004 presidential election, allegations about the corrupt relationship between the Bush administration and Halliburton Corp., the company formerly run by Vice President Richard Cheney, have taken center stage once again. Press reports Friday said that the FBI has expanded an ongoing investigation into contracts obtained by Halliburton’s subsidiary, Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR), in Iraq and Kuwait.
There are several American companies far BETTER qualified for oil field work like Schlumbeger, but they are competitors to the VP's company.
This is not the first time that top Pentagon officials appointed by George W. Bush have overruled career civil service professionals to award contracts to Vice President Cheney’s old firm. In the fall of 2002, an Army lawyer objected to the initial Iraq-related contract for KBR, $1.9 million to draw up a plan for operating the country’s oil infrastructure after a war. While tiny in relation to the huge oil field recovery and military supply contracts doled out later, this award was critical because it gave KBR an edge over any potential competitor. The Government Accountability Office later determined that the Army lawyer had been right.
So John, when you say "Democrat gov't wouldn't have handled that any better", I think you are just making a hat tip. And this super-apology takes the cake -
"and in fact the Clinton administration set the stage for it... not intentionally of course, but indirectly."
Thanks for listening. I do love you all. btw: Balkans doesn't count, that was NATO
 
cliff: the KBR contract for LOGCAP that i refer to above was bid and let in 1997. and it wasn't for oil field services. but it was a contingency, triggerable on short notice, for a specific set of logistic requirements, for a certain specific part of the globe, and KBR was the only one of the three proposals that met the particulars in all respects (Schlum didn't even bid on it). and when a heavily modified version of that contract was eventually executed many moons later (spring of 2003), KBR fulfilled it entirely, and i myself and my soldiers were damn well grateful for their faithful execution of the mission (under significantly greater challenges than the original contract had anticipated). bottom line: KBR earned every single nickel of what they were paid on that one, and they still lost money on the deal.
 
Heh.
btw: Balkans doesn't count, that was NATO.
Oh, really, Cliff. You can do better than that. Disingenous? Cliff, please. Allow me to give you a tribal hat tip back to you. Google(dot)com produces scads of spam. We hateses them. Even as we uses them. Um, Cliff - perhaps you didn't follow the point - but the Clinton Administration spent 8 years implementing the drawdown started under Bush the Elder. They committed us to the Balkans. Ergo, they set the stage, like it or not, for the paradigm used in contracting out services. Or do only Republican administrations get to take the blame for that sort of thing, as the Democrats are seemingly without sin in regards to waste and mismanagement?
 
John, We patriotic Americans criticize all politicians regardless of party as often as possible. We don't just show up when we're at war. We are the grease that keeps things turning. The pols in power must be watched over most closely. Today that is Bush. Excuse me if I am uninterested in Clinton. We progressives by definition move forward. This talking points about Clinton "draw down", "dissemination" etc of the military has been pretty thoroughly debunked. Lets move on. Why did you and your friends not address the private security contractors? You appear to be an historian. Can you point to anytime in history that we have contracted privately for security in theatre? Love
 
To reinforce your point, John. On all of my Southern Watch deployments (1994 - 1998), the Air Force had already outsourced a lot of logistic support. There were just enough active-duty cooks to supervise the contract cooks. In fact, when we deployed to Bahrain in the fall of 1997, we had one MSgt and one SSgt to supervise meal preparation in 3 chow halls for almost 6,000 troops. BTW, those 2 individuals were also responsible for billeting, laundry and MWR. Needless to say, we eventually plussed them up to 20. In case you were wondering, the pre-positioned MREs had been destroyed by the intense heat in the warehouse so we only had a 3 day supply on hand, so we were stuck with contract cooks. BTW, I still thank you are being very polite when I don't think I could.
 
We can talk about everybody's personal experiences all day long. When can we talk about the elephant in the room? Census Counts 100,000 Contractors in Iraq
The survey finding, which includes Americans, Iraqis and third-party nationals hired by companies operating under U.S. government contracts, is significantly higher and wider in scope than the Pentagon's only previous estimate, which said there were 25,000 security contractors in the country. It is also 10 times the estimated number of contractors that deployed during the Persian Gulf War in 1991, reflecting the Pentagon's growing post-Cold War reliance on contractors for such jobs as providing security, interrogating prisoners, cooking meals, fixing equipment and constructing bases that were once reserved for soldiers.
If the big story here is not of no interest here, thats fine. But I can tell you it's not going away. The hearings are just beginning. For those of you truly interested in this subject. Unfortunately, there is likely no one person on this blog or any other whose personal experiences of private contractors is relevant to the reality of the policy issue, unless one can be everywhere all the time. Once again, we are thus required to inform ourselves...if we care.
 
So, let's look at this. 1991 punting of IA out of Kuwait. How many divisions were deployed by that MNF? How many US divisions were in existence? What was the ratio of trigger pullers to support arm personel?(Heh, I've been looking for the pre-2000 FM on Doctrine myself for a while. Hard to come by. But, it is quite obvious that the two were different. 14 divisions vs. 10 and the 14 had not gone thru 'Transformation' yet. A bit hueristic, but still provable and true.) 2003-present invasion of Iraq. How many total divisions? Make up of forces relating support arm to combat arm? Are the two the same? 1991 Kuwait punting: Kuwaiti social/political/economic infrastructure in place and ready to re-take over. Tiny country the size of Rhode Island. Small and defined instances of needed help(like putting out oil field fires) that exceeded indigenous ability to handle. 2003-current invasion of Iraq: what was in place to take over(we assumed there was. CHalabi and such were to take over quickly and get the country running again. Didn't work out that way. Not. At. All.). Were there small and well defined instances of capabilities that exceeded the grasp of indigenous forces(what indigenous forces, I ask. There was nothing left but a vacuum.). Are these two similar on this level? If you're going to do comparisons at least look for things that make sense to compare. Don't employ false parrallels. And, let's look at the leap of logic you're expected to do here. "Cliff - military support services get contracted out because mostly of end-strength issues, and trying to push "tail" into contracted positions, so that "teeth" can be maintained." What does this mean? How many MP batts were stricken or moved to Reserve component to keep combat arms units of similar size in the Active Component? Same for other non-combat arms slots. They were pared off to keep the cambat arms. Now, "reflecting the Pentagon's growing post-Cold War reliance on contractors for such jobs as providing security, interrogating prisoners, cooking meals, fixing equipment and constructing bases that were once reserved for soldiers." Is there a pattern to be gleaned here? What is it? Does it jive with both claims and fit all evidence? Why yes there is one and it fits all the anecdotals supplied here and the evidence, not the opinions but the actual evidence (the two aren't the same---general philosophy and rhetoric classes my good man). Downsizing the military, shrinking its budget, and deploying it often(1991 GW, Bosnia, Somalia, Haiti. Four major deployments in less than 10 years) while paying for the deployments out of the procurement funds eventually had a cost. Occams razor leads you to the conlusion that: by going cheap in peace time we had fewer bodies for doing all kinds of functions in war time, like cooks, police, engineering, and intelligence(everyone hates intel weenies anyways from the way you all talk about them. Haters.). THat's the next logical step you're being proded to at least consider. For some reason we're all expected to, having considered the possibility of conspiracy and rejected it upon reflection and contrary evidence and employing logic, return to it and cherish it as truth? If you care to look you can also see this argued in the USNI's Proceedings magazine over the dental field in the Navy(some time last year or 2005. Can't remember and I'm not going to dig thru the mags at 5am. Sorry, but I'm not gonna.). No conspiracy. Just the realities of budgeting. No money to keep professional dentists on the roster in the USN---so they farm it out to whoever can do it cheapest. No conspiracy(unless KBR is in the dentist business). Parrallax strikes again, me thinks. What you know effects how you interpret what is presented to you. (The point of the Proceedings articles is that this is a rather widespread and re-occuring problem. When you are aware and understand the widespread nature of the problem Iraq does not jump out as a singularity anymore. It's just one more symptom of the same disease.).
 
"This talking points about Clinton "draw down", "dissemination" etc of the military has been pretty thoroughly debunked. Lets move on." We've got a problem here. Is this simply a talking point? Let us look. From the vaunted PBS Frontline series:
Despite interventions in three different theaters, the first Clinton administration continues its plan for military downsizing and reduces Reagan's military build-up by about 30 percent, from roughly 2,140,000 troops in 1988 to 1,470,000 by 1996.
From Foreign Affairs:
This assessment, however, is wrong. The Clinton administration's use of force (or lack thereof) may be controversial, but the Clinton Pentagon oversaw the most successful defense drawdown in U.S. history -- cutting military personnel by 15 percent more than the previous administration had planned while retaining a high state of readiness and a strong global deterrence posture. It enacted a prescient modernization program.
(This being when it was fashionable to say that it was the Clinton military, the Shock and Awe nimble high tech force, that won Iraq---in the 6 months it looked like things were going well and people actually wanted to take credit for the neo-Anabasis that was the Iraq War(as opposed to the Iraq rebuilding and occupation---different phases of a military operation). Before the calls of 'Send more troops!' with the shouted reply of 'What troops!' really started in earnest.(I'll leave John to handle the concept of Op-tempo since he is a clearer writer than I, and on that issue clarity is needed.) Bill's own speech at Normandy:
It has already been said, but I want to say again how hard it has been for the members of our armed services to continue to do these incredible things in the face of the dramatic reductions in military spending and manpower that we have sustained
Yes, yes, yes. All fictional. Vern Clark didn't get rid of a single hull to meet the Clinton defense budger when he was asked. Ever. Downsizing has zero costs at all. It should all be enough because we want it to, and what are we getting with all this defense spending anyways! Bollucks. Bill Clinton even admitted to cutting military personel close a fifth. That doesn't tell the whole story of course. But to dismiss it as a talking point? When there are books like those of Gertz(amoung others)out there and info a plenty that, yes, it actually was done? Someone is doing exactly what they claim others are doing: inconvenient facts. "When you can change the facts you can change a vote. When you can change a vote you can change the world." --Martin Gore.
 
Cliff, I answered your contracting question with a post of it's own.
 
- “We progressives by definition move forward.” Whereas we conservatives believe the old adage, “Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.” Anyway, Cliff, that was a smoke screen on your part, or as we say in the AF, “Chaff, flare, chaff, flare!” Maybe I’m cynical, but I find it curious that you don’t think previous decisions, made well before Cheney was VP are of value in the discussion of KBR. If the basic contract was awarded in 1997, how does that prove unethical influence by the VP’s office in 2003? - Another thing: Although KBR is the biggest contractor in theater, they are not the only contractor. Although, I’m sure they exist, I never met a single security contractor who worked for KBR (and I met and knew a lot of security contractor personnel in my 2 years/8 months in country). - Lastly, I see you dismiss personal experiences… I also find that curious. Our personal experiences are objective, observable facts with which the only argument you can make is to call us all liars. Is the problem for you, Cliff, that our objective observations don’t fit your paradigm?
 
Oldloadr - Very good, and see, you did handle it calmly!