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Tossed out for your consideration.

Doug MacGregor (COL, USA, ret) has been beating the drum of reforming the Army since the publication of his book, Breaking the Phalanx. He continues his fight in this presentation to the Air Force Staff College.

You can see the presentation here - I'm sure it was much better in person, with MacGregor illuminating his points (be happy to hear from anyone who was there...)

Download file

Here's my thoughts on the subject:

1. I agree with his assertion Air Force guys are generally clueless when it comes to ground fights and the people who fight them - which wasn't true of the Army Air Force... of course, then the air generals didn't believe the ground generals understood air power...

2. Kicking Colonels out of the command loop is huge cultural challenge, it's actually perceived, I think, as the last level where command is fun - and restricting it to BGs means that what, half the Colonels who command now will not get that chance? That is a honking great cultural hump to overcome.

3. MacGregor consistently ignores the *why* of those intermediate HQ's rise and fall. We try to get rid of them, and they come back under the pressure of operations. I think this is one of MacGregor's biggest blind spots. Not so much that he's wrong - but that he just hand waves it away.

4. He's completely combat-focused, and doesn't really address (perhaps he does, elsewhere) the totality of the 3-block war construct or how these units would operate in the COE. Of course, his audience was the Air Force, and they don't play in this arena, so he may have just glossed that over - but if AF Generals want to have real shots at routinely being JTF Commanders, they are going to have to learn this stuff, too.

5. Sadly for MacGregor, the track record of unifying the Joint Chiefs hasn't worked well elsewhere - but then it hasn't been tried by a big western military yet, either. But the Canadian experience is, I think, instructive. Not that we'd ever want to study them to learn anything, oh no.... (a snark at us, not you plaid-hat wearing, maple syrup-sipping hosers from up north).

6. I concur, pretty much, with his thoughts on procurement.

7. I think this construct is an Expeditionary Army on the model of Brit Colonial-style little wars. I wonder how it would stand up in a fight against India, Russia, or China?

8. He talks about decentralized logistics - but offers no real construct for it. Huge weakness - but again, that may be audience-centric.

8. I say turn him loose. We'll get rich and have work until we retire, studying this.

Just some thoughts to stimulate discussion. Have at it. I'm not condemning his construct, nor endorsing it at this point. This is one briefing, taken in isolation I don't purport that this is the totality of MacGregor's current thinking. But it *is* a window into his current thinking, and deserves a wider audience.

I think it's worthy of discussion - because that's how ideas get improved and refined. To a point. It's also how they get buried, but we're not official here, so that's less a problem or likelihood.

Wonder what the JO's at The Officer's Club have to say on the subject?

10 Comments

I'm not sure he was suggesting removing the "colonels", but yes, it does look like he means to remove a headquarters. Maybe, though, the colonels would be closer to the action since he seems to be indicating smaller, dispersed forces that operate with more autonomy.
 
No Kat, he's removing the Colonel-level commands - i.e., the Brigades of today, and replacing them with BG-level commands, as well as removing at least two other command levels above that.
 
Last time I checked, we still have the Brigades, but the Commander is now a full Colonel. The BGen rank is becoming a staff rank only (in the absence of a proper Div). Interesting, because the rank of Colonel was originally for those who were not going to make Brigadier, in that it was intended as the senior staff rank. Cheers JMH
 
Seems to me colonels have always commanded. They used to command regiments which were brigaded together creating the need for brigadiers. Our last war with regiments was the Korean War. These new fangled brigades are "new" in warfare. COL Macgregor and his ilk are useful because they cause us to think and use reason. While I am sure his entire proposal will not be adopted, I am sure that many of his ideas will find their way into the force. I suspect the brigade based Army owes its pedigree to his Breaking the Phalanx.
 
we say...."above our paygrade!" Will give it a read though, Charlie is usually all over this stuff.
 
Hey, you guys are the Inllectual Brain Trust of the Instapundit, man. It's *never* too early to start getting your brain wrapped around this stuff. If you ever want to get to the point where it *is* your paygrade to do this stuff - you always have to *think* above your paygrade. You just don't always have to *talk*.
 
Sounds like you've been reading "So, You've Been Posted to the Pentagon: Preface--Role of the Aide-de-Camp for Dummies." "
 
lol Pentagon would be a terrific match for me, you would not believe the coffee-making skills I've got. Zoom!
 
My inclination is to pick this thing apart, but I'll resist the temptation. Slide 4 Yes, new thinking is needed. But considering how important some of these decisions are, we need to be on the leading edge, not the bleeding edge. Point 2 is well taken, but then it's an argument that's been made since we climbed out of the jungles of Vietnam. Not really any new insight. Point 3 completely stuns me. There are other principles of war besides economy of force. And his usage is really contra the principle of economy of force as traditionally understood. As someone once said, "Quantity has a quality all its own.". Slide 6 I agree with him that the FCS is probably too advanced and too costly, given present levels of technology and funding. A more conservative plan to develop the hardware side is what's called for. Slide 8 Mostly platitudes. Sure large formations where the tooth to tail ratio is low are just plain bad. I think most would agree that the continuing decline in the ratio of trigger pullers to others is not where we want to be. But, on the other hand, when you load up units with high tech equipment and layer on surveillance units (where an SP4 sits in the TOC "flying" a UAV) et al, you get to the same place. That stuff does not fix itself. It does not guard your Battalion trains, it does not do your -20 and -30 maintenance repairs nor process your casualties. In a modern western army, the overhead is inevitable. The alternative is lots of platoons and companies that get "consumed in use", a la the Soviets circa 1979. A SOLUTION, to the logistics dilemma is to make companies MORE, not less, self sustaining. In effect you give the company level units the same capabilities that regiments had in WWII. This solution is arguably "less efficient" than the road we've gone down since the mid 1970s. But if you let "the mission" drive the configuration of the organization, then you accept less efficiency as a trade off for a more robust and self containted "unit of action" (oh how I hate that!). Slide 10 Well, he's right about the Gordian Knot problem. But 'twas ever thus. Change in an institution as old and ordered as the US Army is not usually a welcome thing. But then most of the changes inflicted on the Army were not fully explained nor thought through. By comparison, the transition to "Division 86" was a popular and well executed change. There were two primary reasons for that. First, most of the "middle management" had seen the need right in front of their eyes for years. Second, the smart guys at the C&GS who invented our whole new war fighting philosophy cogitated about it for quite a few years. It was, not to oversell it, not half baked. And it was fully funded by Weinberger and Reagan. My guess is that you can count the number of fully funded changes the Army has lived through in 200 years on one hand. My bias at this point would be to say that the way you go about this transition is to build the company level units first. Then you create a command and control structure to support them. One idea this presentation leads me to, is that companies should be larger, and commanded by a major not a captain. A major as CO, a CPT XO as deputy ops and a supernumerary "veteran" LT as the support operations officer. This gives you the benefit of a flexbile command structure. In theory you could organize a company operation with two two platoon manuever elements. Slide 13 I suppose his argument for having a BG "command" rather than a COL is the same argument I used above for having majors as company commanders. I don't see it as really necessary, we already have more generals on active duty today than we did when we had 12 million men in the Army. Slide 14 Probably the most important point that's often left out of force structure discussions. Units must be able to take casualties and stay in the fight. All too often the default is always slimming down the units to "save" manpower. It does not take much more overhead to support a 200 man company than it does to support a 100 man company, but that is the direction the Army has been marching in since Desert Storm. Slide 16 Preaching to the choir. We all know it, we all believe it and yet the institutional inclination of the Army has leaned in the opposite direction. Is there a solution? It would really have to be out of the box. When you centralize promotions and assignments you penalize risk taking. Maybe stablizing people at one post, or in one "unit" for six or seven years is one answer. Institutionally everyone wants the next job. Assuming this new organization came to pass, it would take 20 years to change the behavior and aspirations of the present officer corps. Slide 17 Absolutely. And something we could do today, if the Army leadership really wanted to. No more large scale EXFORs or Army 21s. Bring back MASSTERs and the High Technology Test Bed type of experiments. Do lots of them. Let unit commanders have the freedom to experiment, and fail! All in all a very intersting and thought provoking presentation. Despite my comments, I'm mostly for it. Steve
 
"Early failure in World War II and the relearned lessons of the Vietnam War prove that airpower must be orchestrated by one conductor. Centralized control prevents fratricide and the wasting of weapons. The cascading effects that properly applied airpower can deliver upon an enemy must not be parceled away by a landcentric point of view. --from Major Cole's critique. I could argue that statement is true at the tactical level but can be false at the strategic. The lesson from Vietnam was that having a single Command and Control guy works extremely well coordinating and conducting a tactical operation because he's *there* and can see (and hear) what's going on. A strategic op is so large that the single conductor needs a good working staff with the freedom to make the decisions necessary to interoperate with one another. The temptation to run the show yourself can lead to extreme micromanagement, concentrating on a single facet to the detriment of the others. It can limit the trigger-pullers' flexibility and, in the extreme cases, leads to such idiocy as LBJ's holding the reins so tightly that the USAF couldn't "bomb an outhouse" without his explicit prior approval. And I hoist a *huge* bs flag over the statement that centralized control "...prevents fratricide and wasting weapons"--knowledge and fire discipline prevent fratricide and good intel work prevents wasting weapons.
 
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